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MLA Format: MLA Works Cited

  • MLA Format: Parenthetical Citations

Note:  These citations serve as examples of how to format entries on Works Cited pages of student research papers.  These examples may or may not be actual published literary works, and you should not be disappointed if the internet web site URLs are not functional.  Again, this page is simply a set of examples to help you format a paper written in MLA style.

 When creating your Works Cited Page, remember to:

  • Begin the Works Cited on a new page, but number consecutively (i.e., if the last page of your essay is page 3, the Works Cited is page 4)

  • Alphabetize each entry by first letter

  • Underline all titles of books, magazines, films, etc.

  • Put quotation marks around the titles of poems, short stories, and articles

  • Indent the 2nd line, the 3rd line, and all subsequent lines of each citation

  • Double-space all entries...the examples which follow are single-spaced only to save space on this handout


Related Resources:
  • Annotated Bibliography
  • APA Format
  • Bibliography
  • MLA Example
  • MLA Handbook
  • Works Cited

 Correct citation

Type of citation

Gorman, Elizabeth. Prairie Women. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986.

Book (One author)

Caper, Charles and Lawrence T. Teamos. How to Camp. Philadelphia:    Doubleday, 1986.

Book (Two authors)

Ellis, Doris et.al. History of Japan. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc., 1989.

Book (Three or more authors)

Vanderkirk, Pamela, ed. Ten Short Plays. Los Angeles: Nowell Book Co., 1982.

Book (One editor)

Lockhard, David J. and Charles Heimler, eds. The Oregon Trail. New York: Bonanza Books, 1992.

Book (Two editors)

Carlson, David et.al., eds. Encyclopedia of Animal Life. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1985.

Book (Three or more editors)

Allende, Isabel. "Toad's Mouth." Trans. Margaret Sayers Peden. A Hammock beneath the Mangoes: Stories from Latin America. Ed. Thomas Colchie. New York: Plume, 1992. 83-88.

Book (Single work from an anthology)

American Medical Association. The American Medical Association Encyclopedia of Medicine. Ed. Charles B. Clayman. New York: Random, 1989. Book by Corporate Author

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Twice-Told Tales. Ed. George Parsons Lathrop. Boston: Houghton, 1883. 1 Mar. 2002. <http://eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/ttt.html>.

Keats, John. Poetical Works. 1884. Bartleby.com: Great Books Online. Ed. Steven van Leeuwen. May 1998. 5 May 2003 <http://www.columbia.edu/126/>.

Book Online

Book Online (Part of Scholarly Project)

Roberts, Sheila. "A Confined World: A Rereading of Pauline Smith." World Literature Written in English. 24(1984): 232-38. Rpt. in Twentieth Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Dennis Poupard. Vol. 25. Detroit: Gale, 1988. 399-402.

Gale Literary Criticism (previously published scholarly article in a collection)

Doctorow, E.L. Introduction. Sister Carrie. By Theodore Dreiser. New York: Bantam, 1985. v-xi.

Introduction, Preface,  Foreword, or  Afterword

Stowe, Harriet Beecher. "Sojourner Truth, the Libyan Sibyl." 1863. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter et al. Vol. 1. Lexington, Heath, 1994. 2425-33.

One volume of multivolume work 
Maps 'n' Facts. Computer Software. Broderbund Software, 1995.

Computer Software

 Frost, James.  "Strawberries in a Field."  Perrine's Literature: Structure, Sound,_and Sense. Ed. Thomas R. Arp and
         Greg Johnson. New York: Heinle and Heinle, 2002.
 Poem
 Frost, James. "Strawberries in a Field."  Literature Resource Center. Alabama Virtual Library. 15 March 2004.
         <
http://www.avl.lib.al.us>.
 Poem Online
Crane, Stephen. "The Open Boat."  Literature Resource Center. Alabama Virtual Library. 12 March 2004.
         <
http://www.avl.lib.al.us>.
 Short Story Online
Cather, Willa. "Paul's Case." Perrine's Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. Ed. Thomas R. Arp and Greg Johnson.
          New York: Heinle and Heinle, 2002.
 Short Story in an Anthology

Dunn, Samuel. "Re: Any Ideas for My Country Project." E-mail to Tom Jones. 26 Feb. 2003.

E-mail **

Barnridge, Thomas H. "Baseball." World Book Encyclopedia. 2001.

Encyclopedia (Signed article)*

"Egypt." The New Encyclopedia Britannica. 2002.

Encyclopedia (Unsigned article) *

Ito, Philip J. "Papaya," World Book Encyclopedia, 1998 ed. The World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia, CD-ROM version of The World Book Encyclopedia.

Encyclopedia (CD-ROM) *

"Egypt." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Vers. 97.1.1. Mar. 1997. Encyclopedia Britannica. 29 Feb. 2000 <http://www.search.eb.com/>.

Encyclopedia (Internet) *

The Empire Strikes Back. Dir. George Lucas. Perf. Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher. Twentieth Century Fox, 1980.

Film

United States Office of Management and Budget. Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 1999. Washington: GPO, 1999.   

Government Publication

Whitehurst, Daniel, former mayor of Fresno. Personal interview. 5 Mar. 2003.

Interview (Personal)

Smith, John. "Beowulf: Archetypal Hero."  English 102 Class. Vestavia Hills High School, Vestavia Hills, AL.  28 March
            2003.
 Lecture

Lin, Michael. "Compressing Online Graphics." Online posting. 27 April 1999.  MacWeb. 28 Feb. 2003 <http://www.graphica.com/digitizing/intor.html>.

Listserv Posting

Cannon, Angie. "Just Saying No to Tests." U.S. News & World Report. Oct. 1999: 34.

Magazine

Cannon, Angie. "Just Saying No to Tests." U.S. News & World Report 18 Oct. 1999: 3. Alabama Virtual Library. Vestavia Hills  High School Library, Vestavia Hills, AL.  28 Feb. 2003. <http://www.avl.lib.al.us>.

Magazine, Online News Subscription Service  (Alabama Virtual Library)

Elliott, Michael.  "The Biggest Fish of Them All."  Time.  8 March 2003. 11 March 2003.  <http://www.time.com/time>.   

Online Magazine 
(Magazine web site)

Barrow, Matthew. "Skipping School? Plan On Walking." Sacramento Bee. 13 Oct. 1999, California final ed.: A1+.

Newspaper Article, (Signed)

"Gorilla attacks Martian." National Enquirer 16 Mar. 1999: A-14.

Newspaper Article, (Unsigned)

Bradley, Donald. "Is There a Right Way?" Kansas City Star 23 May 1999: 2-4. SIRS Researcher. Alabama Virtual Library.. 28 Feb. 2003. <http://www.avl.lib.al.us/>.

Newspaper  Article, Online News Subscription Service (SIRS)

"Charles Frazier." Contemporary Authors Online. 2001. Galegroup.com. Alabama Virtural Library. 28 February 2003 <http://www.avl.lib.al.us/>.

Gale Literary Criticism Online (Unsigned)

McCarron, Bill. "Images of War and Peace: Parallelism and Antithesis in the Beginning and Ending of Cold Mountain." The Mississippi Quarterly. 52.2 (1999): 273. Galegroup.com. Alabama Virtual Library. 25 February 2003. <http://www.avl.lib.al.us>..

Gale Literary Criticism Online (Signed)

Achenbach, Joel.  "America's river."  Washington Post.  5 May 2002.  20 July 2003 <http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A13425-2202May1.html>.

Newspaper Article (Newspaper Website)

Your Health. New York: Modern Woman, 1996.

Pamphlet

"Karma Chameleon." Northern Exposure. CBS. KCRA, Sacramento. 29 Feb. 2000.

Television or Radio (Live)

Smith, Greg. "Rhesus Monkeys in the Zoo." No date. Online image. Monkey Picture Gallery. 3 May 2003.
        <http://monkeys.online.org/rhesus.jpg>.
Published Photograph
"Candy Cotton at the Fair."  Birmingham, AL. Personal photograph taken by Quincy Adams.  5 March 2004. Personal Photograph
Adams, Mindy. "Critical Eye for the Fantasy Guy."  4 January 2004. Online PowerPoint. Studyguide.org. 7 March 2004.
        <
www.studyguide.org/fantasy.htm>.
Power Point Online

Civil War Diary. Videotape. New World Entertainment, 1990.

Videotape

Springsteen, Bruce. "Dancing in the Dark." Born in the USA.  Columbia, 1984.  Music video.  Dr. Brian De Palma. VH1. 
          10 May 2002.
Music Video

"Cabinet Nominations," Chapter 20. Powers of the President. Laser videodisc. Pioneer Communications of America, Inc. American Broadcasting Companies, Inc., 1995.

Video Laserdisc

"Castles in Medieval Times." yourchildlearns.com. 2000. Owl and Mouse Educational
          Software. 9 March  2003.  <
http://www.yourchildlearns.com/castle_history.htm>.
Web Page that is part of a larger web site

Schrock, Kathleen. "Digital Gadgets." Kathy Schrock's Guide for Educators. 20 February 2002. Discovery Channel. 11 March 2003. <http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/gadgets.html>.

"Great Gatsby Study Guide." studyguide.org. 5 January 2002. 11 March 2003.
 <http://www.studyguide.org/gatsby_study_guide.htm>.

Note: If no title for the page is provided, write Home page (do not underline and do not use quotation marks).

Web page (Personal or Professional)

The Cinderella Project. Ed. Michael N. Salda. Vers. 1.1.Dec. 1997. De Grummond Children's Lit. Research Collection, University of Southern Mississippi. 9 March 2003.
<
http://www-dept.usm.edu/~engdept/cinderella/cinderella.html>.

Web page from a university (scholarly online project)

"Langston Hughes Poetry Circles." February 2003.  National Council of Teachers of English. 10 March 2003. <http://www.ncte.org/special/LangstonHughes/>. 

Web page (Professional Organization)

  *While you may wish to consult a general reference source like a comprehensive encyclopedia  for background information,  avoid using and citing such resources in documented literary papers. More specialized sources are preferred. 
** The following resources are NOT credible and should never be used or cited in a documented literary paper: SparkNotes©, Cliff's© Notes, PinkMonkey Notes©, and similar sources. Be very cautious in your use of resources from the Internet. Essays by middle school and high school students should certainly not be deemed reliable. Similarly, comments on books which are randomly submitted by readers lack credibility.

Note:  The above citations serve as examples of how to format entries on Works Cited pages of student research papers.  These examples may or may not be actual published literary works, and you should not be disappointed if the internet web site URLs are not functional.  Again, this page is simply a set of examples to help you format a paper written in MLA style.

 

 

 

    

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gray ord (3/2/2010)
what an interesting story huh?


karl (2/27/2010)
This site need tobe updated. check the MLA work cited format 2009


Yolanda Wilson (2/23/2010)
What a great resource!!! You made this sooooooooo super easy. Thanks


Joseph (2/18/2010)
There is a problem, this does not have any of the Spring 2009 updates to MLA. Ie. Print. after citing if it is print, or online etc..


Rebekah (2/17/2010)
Thanks! This really helped out!


LIL-GHOST (2/17/2010)
MLA format has been changed for 2010. Some of this info is old and incorrect. when typing things that would normally be underlined they must instead be italicized now. Also URLs are no longer required. There quite a few other changes, but I cannot find a web site with the updated info... =( any one able to help me out?


Daniel (2/8/2010)
thanks for everything. your a life saver.


Tofoi (2/2/2010)
thanks


jayla (1/28/2010)
I do like this site it is very helpful to me it has alot of good infomation!!!!


Izze (1/10/2010)
This was very helpful. Thank you!


Kathleen Beckham (1/4/2010)
Need some help on whether parantheticals are part of word count.


lolo (12/29/2009)
i still dont understand, could you all like put what is suppose to go where like, author, copyright date, that would help


NO UNDERLING (12/14/2009)
EVER! NEVER


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